The Methods Joining Carbon Steel & Stainless Steel Pipes

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 There are several methods for joining pipes together,Widely used methods are Butt welded connection, Screwed connection, Socket weld connection.

1) Butt welded connection :



  • A butt weld joint is made by welding the beveled end of pipe together.
  • Beveled ends (BE) means that the end of the pipe are not cut square, but have a tapered edge.
  • In preparation for the welding process, the welder will seperate two pieces of pipe by a 1/16" space, known as root gap. During Welding process, the two ends are drawn together and 1/16" gap disappears.
  • For example if two pieces of pipe 3'-0" long were welded together, the total length will be 6'-0".
  • Sometimes Backup Rings is used for critical situations. these rings are used to prevent weld icicles inside the pipe.The backup rings creates a gap of 1/8" between the two pieces of pipe. in this situation, the ring does not allow the ends of the pipe to be drawn together and keeps them seperated by 1/8".
  • For example if two lenghts of pipe measuring 3'-0" each were welded together using a backup rings the result will be total length of 6'-01/8".

2) Screwed Connection :


  • It is also called Threaded connection, Typically used on pipe 3" and smaller.
  • With tapered grooves cut into the ends of a run of pipe, screwed pipe and screwed fittings can be easily be assembled without welding or any means of attachment.
  • Screwed pipes and its mating fittings will have threads that are either male or female.
  • Male threads are cut into the outside of a pipe or fitting, While female threads are cut into the inside of the fittings.
  • As screwed pipe and fittings are assembled, a short length of pipe is drawn into the fitting. This connection length is called a thread engagement.
  • As the diameter of the pipe increases, so will the length of the thread engagement.

3) Socket Weld Connection :

  • When assembling pipe with socket weld fittings, the pipe is inserted into the fittings before welding.
  • Inside the socket weld fittings is a colar that prevents the pipe from being inserted too deeply into the fittings.
  • As with the screwed connection, a short amount of pipe is lost when the socket weld connection are made.
  • Before the weld is made, the pipe fitter will back the pipe off the colar approximately 1/8" to allow for heat expansion during the welding procedure.
  • Pipes used for socket weld connections will be prepared with a plain end.


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