Introduction To Piping Engineering

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What Is Piping Engineering :



Piping Engineering is a specialized discipline of Mechanical Engineering which covers the design of piping and layout of equipments and process units in chemical, petrochemical or hydrocarbon facilities.

Piping System :

Piping system in a Industrial plant is similar to the arteries and veins of human body. Liquids, Vapors, Slurries, Solids etc flow through a piping system under various conditions like Pressure, Temperature, Modification in Flowrate etc. depending on Industry/Service.
Piping system carry a commodity (Liquid, Slurries, Gas etc) from & to various equipment within a plant boundary. Piping systems are documented in Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&IDs).

Example for piping system is Fluids like oil, gas etc flows between various equipments within a refinery.


Typical Service Conditions in Piping System are :
    1) High Temperature
    2) Cryogenic Temperature (Sub-Zero)
    3) High Pressure
    4) Low Pressure (Vaccum)
    5) High Flow Velocity
    6) Erosion
    7) Corrosion
    8) Hazardous Toxic Substances
    9) Combination of Above Conditions
Depending on the criticality of the service conditions, Piping system  has to be designed to withstand the process conditions.

Pipelines :

Pipeline transport is the long-distance transportation of a liquid or gas through a system of pipes called pipeline. Pipelines exist for the transport of crude and refined petroleum, fuels such as oil, natural gas, biofuels etc. Pipelines are also useful for transporting water for drinking or irrigation over long distances when it needs to move over hills, or where canals or channels are poor choices due to considerations of evaporation, pollution, or environmental impact.

Example is Crude oil from one country or state can be transported to another country or state through pipeline.





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