Codes & Standards

 Codes & Standards:

Code: A code is a model, a set of rules that knowledgeable people recommend for others to follow. It is not a law, but can be adopted into law.

Standard: A standard tends be a more detailed elaboration, the nuts and bolts of meeting a code.

Why do we need Codes & Standards:

• Safety and reliability – Adherence to standards helps ensure safety, reliability and environmental care. As a result, users perceive standardized products and services as more dependable – this in turn raises user confidence, increasing sales and the take-up of new technologies.
• Support of government policies and legislation – Standards are frequently referenced by regulators and legislators for protecting user and business interests, and to support government policies. Standards play a central role in the European Union's policy for a Single Market.
• Interoperability – the ability of devices to work together relies on products and services complying with standards.
• Business benefits – standardization provides a solid foundation upon which to develop new technologies and to enhance existing practices. Specifically standards:

  i. Open up market access

  ii. Provide economies of scale

  iii. Encourage innovation

  iv. Increase awareness of technical developments and initiatives.

  Consumer choice - standards provide the foundation for new features and options, thus contributing to the enhancement of our daily lives. Mass production based on standards provides a greater variety of accessible products to consumers.

Mostly used codes & standards:

1) API - American Petroleum Institute

2) AISC - American Institution of Steel Construction

3) ASTM - American Society for Testing and Materials

4) ANSI - American National Standards Institute

5) AWS - American Welding Society

6) AISI - American Iron & Steel Institute

7) IACS - International Association of Classification Societies

8) DNV - Det Norske Veritas

9) AWWA - American Water Works Association

10) MSS -SP - Manufacturers Standardization Society and Industry - Standard Practices

11) BS - British Standards

12) BIS - Bureau of Indian Standards

13) ASME - American Society of Mechanical Engineers

14) DIN - Deutsches Institute for Normung

15) JIS - Japanese Community for Standardisation 

16) CES - Europe Community for Standardisation 

17) CSA - Canadian Standards Association